Hormonal Regulation during the reproductive period of Coffea arabica
Coffee; flowering development; plant hormone; Environmental signaling in plants; UPLC-MS/MS.
In Coffea arabica, phenological stages are influenced by climatic conditions. Factors such as photoperiod, rain, and temperature affect the hormones concentration of coffee, which can induce the transition of plants from the vegetative to the reproductive stage. During the period from flowering induction to bud formation, different hormones play specific roles in the regulation of flowering and subsequent fruit production. It is believed that hormones such as gibberellins (GA), abscisic acid (ABA), salicylic acid (SA), and ethylene, may be involved modulating the expression of genes involved in flowering induction and development. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the hormonal regulation involved during the reproductive period of coffee trees. To better understand hormonal regulation, leaf and flower bud samples were collected monthly, from March (induction of flowering) to September (after anthesis), the endogenous concentration of GA1, GA3, ABA, AS, were quantified. These variations in hormone levels will be compared to environmental conditions recorded during the reproductive period. The following year, the hormones mentioned above were applied in the field, specifically in March. Samples were collected pre- and post-application, and hormone concentrations were quantified to determine whether the applied dosage modulates endogenous levels. This study revealed that hormonal balance is contingent upon environmental factors and tissue specificity throughout each developmental stage. Furthermore, the research proposes specific dosages for future studies involving the application of plant growth regulators in C. arabica.