Banca de DEFESA: PAUL ANDRES JIMENEZ JIMENEZ

Uma banca de DEFESA de MESTRADO foi cadastrada pelo programa.
DISCENTE: PAUL ANDRES JIMENEZ JIMENEZ
DATA: 25/06/2024
HORA: 08:00
LOCAL: DCS02
TÍTULO:

Factors governing soil crusting formation in agricultural lands in Southern Mali, West Africa: Evaluation of susceptibility using indices

PALAVRAS-CHAVES:

Soil crusting, soil vulnerability, soil degradation, Agricultural villages, Mali

PÁGINAS: 100
GRANDE ÁREA: Ciências Agrárias
ÁREA: Agronomia
SUBÁREA: Ciência do Solo
ESPECIALIDADE: Manejo e Conservação do Solo
RESUMO:

In Southern Mali and neighboring arid regions of the Sahel, most people depend on agriculture for their livelihoods. Soil degradation, specifically soil crusting, is an undesirable and significant phenomenon in the sustainable management of agricultural lands in rural villages in Southern Mali. Soil crusting indeed involves the creation of thin, hard, and impermeable layers on the soil surface. Soil crusting leads to reduced water infiltration, causing increased runoff and erosion. It also hampers germination and seedling emergence, consequently lowering productivity. Surface crusting is a dynamic process influenced by climatic factors such as rainfall intensity, topography, soil attributes, and human activities like soil management. The study aimed to analyze key factors impacting soil crusting formation and evaluate crusting susceptibility utilizing the Structural Stability Index (StI), Particle Separability Index (PSI), and Crusting Susceptibility Index (CSI). Twenty-four soil samples from agricultural and native lands in Southern Mali were examined, assessing diverse physical, chemical, mineralogical, and micromorphological attributes. In Southern Mali, factors such as soil textures (sandy loam, loam with high fine sand and silt content), low organic matter in agricultural soils, intense yet brief rainfall, low relief, and insufficient soil management practices leading to prolonged bare soil periods contributed significantly to crusting formation. Conversely, soil mineralogy (dominantly kaolinites) and Ca⁺² and Mg⁺² cations did not notably impact crusting formation. The PSI revealed a high risk of particle separability in both agricultural and native soils. Conversely, the StI demonstrated that native soils sustained a low risk of structural degradation, while agricultural soils exhibited a high risk, indicating increased susceptibility to soil crusting formation. Additionally, the CSI indicated moderate levels of susceptibility to soil crusting. The presence of petroplinthites in Southern Mali's soils significantly contributes to soil fragility for crops, heightening their susceptibility to degradation. Developing specific management practices to increase and preserve soil organic matter is essential, with a primary focus on using cover crops that contribute to soil protection.

MEMBROS DA BANCA:
Interno - BRUNO MONTOANI SILVA (Suplente)
Externo ao Programa - DIEGO TASSINARI - DCS/ESAL (Membro)
Externo à Instituição - EDICARLOS DAMACENA DE SOUZA - UFR (Membro)
Presidente - MARX LEANDRO NAVES SILVA (Membro)
Externo à Instituição - MILSON EVALDO SERAFIM - UFLA (Suplente)