Sap-Sucking Insects: An Emerging Pest Concern in Medicinal Cannabis sativa Cultivation in Brazil.
Cannabis, insect pest, trips, aphids, hemiptera
The expansion of Cannabis sativa L. cultivation for medicinal purposes in Brazil lacks
formal pest records and established management strategies. This study provides the first
report of sap-sucking pests associated with medicinal C. sativa crops, based on field
monitoring in São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro states. The cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii
Glover, 1877, was the most damaging pest, observed at high levels during flowering.
Natural enemies were found associated with the aphids, including lady beetle larvae, the
syrphid Pseudodorus clavatus (Fabricius, 1794) and the earwig Doru luteipes (Scudder,
1876). Four leafhopper species were also recorded, Dalbulus maidis (DeLong & Wolcott,
1923), Erythrogonia hertha Medler, 1963, Ferrariana trivittata Signoret, 1854 and Sibovia
sagata Signoret, 1854. The stink bug Edessa meditabunda (Fabricius, 1794) was
observed in high densities reproducing on the crop, with egg parasitism by
microhymenopteran parasitoids indicating potential for biological control. The thrips
Caliothrips phaseoli (Pergande, 1895) was identified, presenting challenges due to its
potential to transmit phytopathogens and alter cannabinoid profiles. These occurrences
highlight significant phytosanitary risks for cannabis plantations and neighboring crops,
providing a basis for the development of Integrated Pest Management (IPM) programs.
Further research on pest identification, vector capacity for phytoviruses, and attack
impacts on cannabinoid profiles is recommended to effectively support pest control and
ensure the safety and therapeutic quality of medicinal C. sativa in Brazil.