Zoonotic Bacteria and Microbiome Diversity in Brazilian Bats: Implications for Public Health
bats, bacteria, zoonosis, public health.
Bats are recognized as important reservoirs of various zoonotic pathogens, including viruses, bacteria, and parasites, capable of being transmitted to humans. Over the years, many species have adapted to the urban environment, frequently being found in areas with intense human activity. In this context, the participation of these animals in the epidemiological cycle of zoonotic diseases has aroused increasing scientific interest, reinforcing the need to better understand their capacity to harbor and disseminate different infectious agents. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the presence of DNA from Salmonella spp., Leptospira spp., Bartonella spp., Yersinia enterocolitica, Staphylococcus aureus, Rickettsia spp., Pasteurella multocida, Coxiella burnetii, Listeria monocytogenes, Chlamydia spp., and Brucella spp. This study analyzes biological samples of blood, liver, and spleen from bats originating from regions of the Brazilian Cerrado, including wetland areas, as well as liver samples from synanthropic bats belonging to the Mammal Collection of the Federal University of Lavras. Furthermore, it seeks to evaluate the rectal microbiome of synanthropic bats captured in Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, characterizing its bacterial composition and highlighting potentially pathogenic genera and species, as well as their possible impacts on animal and human health. Studies of this nature are fundamental to expanding knowledge about the circulation of bacterial pathogens in bats, contributing to the surveillance of zoonoses, to the understanding of ecological interactions between hosts and microorganisms, and to the strengthening of public health strategies within the One Health approach.