ENERGY PATHWAYS AND TROPHIC STRUCTURE OF FISH ASSEMBLAGES IN A HUMAN-IMPACTED FLOODPLAIN
stable isotopes, methane, trophic niche
Understanding energy dynamics in aquatic ecosystems is essential for a comprehensive grasp of how natural environments function and how human activities influence these processes. Traditionally, energy flow in ecosystems has been categorized into green and brown food webs. However, recent studies have highlighted the importance of a third energy pathway in aquatic environments: food webs based on methane-derived carbon. Methane can be oxidized by bacteria and incorporated into their biomass, potentially becoming a significant component of the food web. Human activities can change this dynamic by altering nutrient inputs in aquatic environments, which may affect methane production and its subsequent oxidation. Additionally, human activities introduce new energy sources for aquatic consumers, such as nutrients from pastures, sewage, and agriculture, leading to shifts in trophic interactions. In human-impacted environments, food webs tend to exhibit higher trophic redundancy and lower trophic diversity compared to natural ecosystems. Thus, the first objective of this master's project is to investigate the contribution of methane-derived carbon to fish assemblages and its relationship with seasonality and land use. The second objective is to examine how land use and seasonality influence the trophic structure of fish assemblages in floodplain lakes. The study area encompasses five floodplain lakes in the lower Das Velhas River, a major tributary of the São Francisco River.