Efficacy of Brucella abortus S19 and RB51 vaccine strains: a systematic review and meta-analysis
bovine brucellosis, vaccination, abortion, infection, protection
Brucellosis is a worldwide zoonosis that occurs more frequently in developing countries and vaccination with the S19 or RB51 vaccines is the main way to prevent and avoid the disease. This study aimed to review the literature that estimated the efficacy of both of the most used vaccines against bovine brucellosis in order to gather the main information, such as dose, route of administration, challenge dose from experimental studies, among others, in addition to recalculating the efficacy of the two main vaccines for cattle. The most used vaccine strain was S19, at the dose of 1010 colony forming units (CFU), followed by the vaccine strain RB51 at 1010 CFU. The most used challenge strain was B. abortus 2308, at the dose of 107 CFU by intraconjunctival route. For the recalculation, a meta-analysis was performed, in which the main results were that the S19 vaccine at a dose of 109 CFU exhibited greater protection against infection and against abortion than the other vaccine doses, while the RB51 vaccine at a dose of 1010 CFU exhibited major protection against both signs clinicians and bacteriology than other vaccine doses. It was possible to conclude that the S19 vaccine at a dose of 109 CFU and the RB51 vaccine at a dose of 1010 CFU by subcutaneous route were the most effective for preventing abortion and infection against Brucella abortus 2308 experimental challenge of 107 CFU dose by the intraconjunctival route.