Analyses of Brucellosis frequency and distribution worldwide and cattle movement network in Minas Gerais, Brazil
zoonosis, animal production, food safety, epidemiology
Animal production is of great importance to food security, being a nutritious and secure option, additionally to being of great economic importance especially in developing countries. Among the threats that animal production can face are infectious diseases, especially brucellosis and tuberculosis. These two diseases are chronic illness that cause great economic losses to the chain of production. The aim of this study is to analyze the frequency and distribution of brucellosis worldwide and to access the cattle movement network in Minas Gerais state, Brazil. Therefore, data from World Organization for Animal Health (WOAH) from 2005 to 2019 about cases and deaths of animal brucellosis worldwide was collected. From 2005 to 2018 cases and deaths for human brucellosis was access in the World Health Organization (WHO) website. Data on population size was acquired from Food and Animal Organization (FAO) and for human information was from WHO. Combine with a review of the literature on the frequency of brucellosis among the countries a panorama of the disease was created focus on the interface between animals and humans, especially in developing countries. Disease incidence and mortality was calculated. To perform the analysis of cattle movement network, data on cattle movement was given by Instituto Mineiro de Agropecuaria from 2013 to 2021, regarding the Guia de Transito Animal (GTA). A descriptive analysis was performed to understand the data distribution. Brucellosis showed present most in developing countries and most of the countries with test and slaughter policy showed fewer dead animals than positive animals for brucellosis. The number of GTAs was 8,271,414 in 9 years. The total of animals transported in nine years was 138,251,021. The next step for this work is to develop and network model and to access factors related to disease transmission, including vaccination.